Louis Delgrès was a French military officer and anti-slavery activist who played a major role in the fight against slavery and colonialism in the French colony of Guadeloupe in the late 18th and early 19th century. Born in 1766 in Saint-Pierre, Martinique, Delgrès served in the French army and fought in the Revolutionary Wars against the armies of Austria, Prussia, and England. In 1792, he was promoted to the rank of captain and stationed in Guadeloupe, where he became a strong advocate for the abolition of slavery and equality for all people.
In 1802, following Napoleon Bonaparte's decision to reinstate slavery in the French colonies, Delgrès led a group of patriots in a rebellion against the French government and its colonial policies. He organized a resistance movement and began a guerrilla war against French forces, using tactics such as using ambushes and surprise attacks.
Delgrès and his followers were eventually surrounded by French troops in May 1802, and rather than surrender, they chose to ignite the gunpowder stores in their fortification in Pointe-à-Pitre. This resulted in a massive explosion that killed most of the fighters, including Delgrès himself, who died fighting for the cause he believed in.
Today, Delgrès is remembered as a hero and a symbol of resistance against colonialism and slavery. His legacy is celebrated in Guadeloupe and Martinique, where he is honored with statues, plaques, and street names.
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